RESouRCES

MCG Literature

📖 What Does the Literature Say?

Review the literature on magnetocardiography.

Magnetocardiography is the science that enables CardioFlux to measure the natural magnetic fields produced by the heart. We’re bringing 40 years of proven science into the heart of hospital workflows by improving the most limiting aspects of the technique.

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Acute Coronary Syndrome
Accelerated Magnetocardiography in the Evaluation of Patients with Suspected Cardiac Ischemia: The MAGNETO Trial
Diagnosing ischemia in emergency department (ED) patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (sACS) is challenging with equivocal disposition of intermediate risk patients.
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Magnetocardiography at rest predicts cardiac death in patients with acute chest pain
To These are the first data linking magnetocardiographical parameters and subsequent significant fatal events in people, suggesting structural and functional components to clinical life-threatening ventricular arrhythmogenesis.
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An Integrated Maximum Current Density Approach for Noninvasive Detection of Myocardial Infarction
In this study, MCG demonstrated a sensitivity of 91.2% and specificity of 84.6% in identifying patients with STEMI versus healthy subjects.
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Non-invasive Magnetocardiography for the Early Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Presenting with Acute Chest Pain
This study of 364 patients demonstrates the ability of MCG to detect CAD, even in patient subgroups without specific biomarker or ECG changes. In the overall patient cohort, MCG’s sensitivity and specificity were 84% and 85% respectively. In the more challenging patient sub-population that did not display ECG or biomarker changes, MCG displayed a sensitivity and specificity of 73.5% and 82.3% respectively.
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Value of Magnetocardiography in Chronic Coronary Disease Detection: Results of Multicenter Trial
In this trial, MCG showed an accuracy of 94% for grouping patients into severe CAD (stenosis over 80% or FFR < 0.8), mild CAD (50-80% stenosis and FFR > 0.8), and no CAD groups across 133 patients. This study demonstrates MCG’s potential use as a stenosis stratification tool with high accuracy and a high negative predictive value of 93%.
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Detection of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Chest Pain: A Machine Learning Model Based on Magnetocardiography Parameters
This 200-patient cross-sectional study demonstrated a 90% accuracy (91% sensitivity and 88% specificity) for magnetocardiography (MCG) and machine learning versus a gold standard of percutaneous angiogra- phy for detecting significant CAD with stenosis over 50%. This study demonstrates the effective use of magnetocardiography early in the chest pain triage process to accurately rule-out CAD with high negative predictive value and accuracy.
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Chronic Chest Pain
Evaluation of coronary microvascular dysfunction using magnetocardiography: A new application to an old technology
As compared to the reference-standard invasive CFR, MCG can detect CMD with comparable efficacy to currently available non-invasive diagnostic modalities in a rapid, safe, noninvasive assessment without ionizing radiation.
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Magnetocardiography for identification of coronary ischemia in patients with chest pain and normal resting 12‐lead electrocardiogram
Abnormal magnetic field angle and abnormal magnetic field maps in MCG recorded at rest are able to identify the presence of coronary ischemia in patients with chronic chest pain and a normal resting ECG.
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Magnetocardiography Based Ischemic Heart Disease Detection and Localization using Machine Learning Methods
This paper demonstrates the automatic detection and localization of stenosis using MCG for a broad set of 574 subjects (39.5% healthy volunteers, 60.5% with coronary stenosis). MCG paired with machine learning showed an accuracy of 94% and an AUC of 0.98 for detection between these two groups. Additionally for subjects with a known stenosis above 35%, MCG showed localization accuracy ranging from 65-74% depending on the specific artery.
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Validation of Magnetocardiography versus Fractional Flow Reserve for Detection of Coronary Artery Disease
This study demonstrated an accuracy of 91.5% (90.5% sensitive, 92.3% specific) in using MCG to detect functionally significant CAD versus a gold standard of fractional flow reserve in 47 patients. In addition to detecting flow limiting stenosis, MCG also demonstrated the ability to localize stenosis with 92.3% accuracy on a per territory basis.
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Cardiac Risk Factors
Resting Magnetocardiography Predicts 3 Year Mortality in Patients Presenting with Acute Chest Pain without ST Segment Elevation
This study demonstrates the use of rest MCG to predict 3-year mortality in patients with acute chest pain. In a cohort of 402 consecutive ICU patients, a multivariate regression analysis revealed the highest mortality risk for patients with diabetes mellitus and an abnormal MCG at admission. MCG seems to be valuable in identifying chest pain patients at highest risk.
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Early Myocardial Repolarization Heterogeneity is Detected by Magnetocardiography in Diabetic Patients with Cardiovascular Risk Factors
This study demonstrates that MCG parameters are associated with cardiovascular risk factors, including metabolic syndrome. In the study, identified risk factors were associated with regional ventricular repolarization heterogeneity in 278 type 2 diabetic patients without overt CAD.
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Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy
Usefulness of Magnetocardiography to Detect Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy
This study demonstrated the usage of resting MCG to detect cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) in a cohort of 26 post heart transplant patients. MCG is clinically feasible as a non-invasive tool for the diagnosis of CAD and could be used as a surrogate marker of CAV.
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ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction
Evaluation of coronary microvascular dysfunction using magnetocardiography: A new application to an old technology
As compared to the reference-standard invasive CFR, MCG can detect CMD with comparable efficacy to currently available non-invasive diagnostic modalities in a rapid, safe, noninvasive assessment without ionizing radiation.
Read →
Magnetocardiography for identification of coronary ischemia in patients with chest pain and normal resting 12‐lead electrocardiogram
Abnormal magnetic field angle and abnormal magnetic field maps in MCG recorded at rest are able to identify the presence of coronary ischemia in patients with chronic chest pain and a normal resting ECG.
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Magnetocardiography Based Ischemic Heart Disease Detection and Localization using Machine Learning Methods
This paper demonstrates the automatic detection and localization of stenosis using MCG for a broad set of 574 subjects (39.5% healthy volunteers, 60.5% with coronary stenosis). MCG paired with machine learning showed an accuracy of 94% and an AUC of 0.98 for detection between these two groups. Additionally for subjects with a known stenosis above 35%, MCG showed localization accuracy ranging from 65-74% depending on the specific artery.
Read →
Validation of Magnetocardiography versus Fractional Flow Reserve for Detection of Coronary Artery Disease
This study demonstrated an accuracy of 91.5% (90.5% sensitive, 92.3% specific) in using MCG to detect functionally significant CAD versus a gold standard of fractional flow reserve in 47 patients. In addition to detecting flow limiting stenosis, MCG also demonstrated the ability to localize stenosis with 92.3% accuracy on a per territory basis.
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Cardiomyopathy
Application of Magnetocardiography to Screen for Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy and Monitor Treatment Response
Magnetocardiography has the potential to be used for diagnostic screening and to monitor early treatment response. The method is valuable in inflammatory cardiomyopathy, where there is a major unmet need for early diagnosis and monitoring response to immunosuppressive therapy.
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MCG Meta Analysis
Magnetocardiograph as a noninvasive and radiation-free diagnostic device for myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis
This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of magnetocardiograph, a relatively new noninvasive device, in patients with myocardial infarction (MI).
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Magnetocardiography for the Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
This meta-analysis of MCG studies shows a pooled AUC of 0.90 for detection of CAD and suggests the potential use of MCG as an adjunctive or alternative to stress testing in the chest pain workflow.
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